12-mark "explain why" — public health change

GCSE · History · Edexcel · H1.B.3 — The 18th–19th centuries c1700–c1900: Jenner and the smallpox vaccine; Pasteur’s germ theory; Koch and bacteriology; Lister and antiseptics; Simpson and chloroform; the cholera epidemics, John Snow and the Broad Street pump; Chadwick and the Public Health Acts; Florence Nightingale

Question

Explain why public health improved in Britain c1800–c1900. (12 marks)

Indicative content:

1848 + 1875 Public Health Acts (compulsory clean water, sewers)
Bazalgette's London sewers (1858–75) reduced cholera + typhoid
Pasteur's germ theory (1861) gave scientific backing
Snow's Broad Street pump (1854) demonstrated waterborne cholera
Increased state involvement (Disraeli's "social reform" Conservatism)
Chadwick's Sanitary Report (1842) put the link in front of MPs
Cholera epidemics (1832, 1848, 1854, 1866) created political pressure

12 marks · take your time before peeking.

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Generated by TopMyGrade AI · cross-check official sources before relying on the mark-scheme phrasing.